Microservices Pattern

Database per Service

Each service owns its database and no other service reads or writes it directly.

data

Detailed Description

Data ownership is one of the strongest service boundaries. A service API becomes the only allowed access path.

This enables independent evolution but pushes cross-service read needs into composition, projections, or events.

Visual Diagram

Data Ownership Model
  UserService    → [PostgreSQL db_users]
  OrderService   → [MongoDB   db_orders]
  ProductService → [Redis     db_products]
  SearchService  → [Elastic   db_search]

  ✗ OrderService cannot query db_users directly
  ✓ OrderService calls UserService API instead

Tradeoffs

Pros

Loose coupling, independent schema changes

Cons

Cross-service queries become harder

Examples: Microservices data ownership best practice

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